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PJM's load growth projections are exploding. In 2021, it predicted just 0.3% annual growth. Actual growth averaged 6.5% from 2021 to 2025, dominated by Northern Virginia's "data center alley."

Virginia is the world's largest data center market, causing PJM's Dominion zone to dominate the RTO's load growth numbers in recent years. Virginia's electric load is now slated to more than double by 2035. Combined with electrification and battery gigafactories scattered throughout the RTO, this growth has ushered in a major regime change for PJM power traders. Renewables and battery energy storage systems have not been able to keep up.
Virginia's Dominion Zone grew at a 6% CAGR from 2021 to 2025, dominating other zones. Its baseload growth even outpaced its peak load growth. This has ripple effects throughout the PJM footprint, causing capacity and transmission constraints and highly uneven zonal dynamics even as electrification and advanced manufacturing drive demand upward in the East Kentucky Power Cooperative and AEP zones.